The pedigree thesis asserts that authorized validity is a perform of sure social facts. Borrowing closely from Jeremy Bentham, John Austin argues that the principal distinguishing characteristic of a authorized system is the presence of a sovereign who is habitually obeyed by most individuals within the society, but not within the behavior of obeying any determinate human superior (Austin 1995, p. 166). On Austin’s view, a rule R is legally valid (that is, is a law) in a society S if and provided that R is commanded by the sovereign in S and is backed up with the threat of a sanction.
Sociolegal work on the agricultural already touches many substantive areas, together with migration and citizenship, gender and sexuality, social networks, court docket systems, incarceration and crime, meals techniques, and racial, ethnic, and sophistication identities. Yet rurality isn’t always made explicit as an interpretive framework or a methodological consideration.… Read More
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